Saudi Arabia: Clean Energy Promises vs. Hydrocarbon Reality

Despite Saudi Arabia’s announced commitments to reduce fossil fuel production and consumption under Vision 2030 and its 2060 net-zero pledge, independent assessments indicate that current policies are not aligned with the goal of limiting warming to 1.5°C, with emissions projected to continue rising through 2035 (Climate Action Tracker, 2025). Expansion of oil and gas capacity,[…]

Sustainable Construction in Saudi Arabia: Balancing Vision 2030 Ambitions with Environmental, Social, and Economic Challenges

Aligned with Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 and the Saudi Green Initiative (SGI), the country is implementing green policies in construction to promote sustainability, reduce emissions, and support a green economy. Launched in 2021, SGI unites government, private sector, and society-wide efforts to achieve net zero emissions by 2060, with construction playing a key role in[…]

Desalinated Water: A Blessing or an Environmental Challenge?

Saudi Arabia, located in one of the world’s most water-scarce regions, faces a growing population projected to rise from 35 million to 40.1 million by 2030, making water management one of the most critical aspects of its national policy. As water scarcity becomes an increasingly pressing issue, MENA countries, including Saudi Arabia, have turned to[…]

Saudi Arabia actively undermines Cop30 deal

From 10 to 21 November 2025, 196 countries met in Belém, Brazil, to discuss the global progress on climate change. Over half of the present states were pushing for an explicit reference, in the final agreement, to the global phase out of fossil fuels, but Saudi Arabia led demands to exclude such language. The Saudi[…]