Transnational Repression by the GCC: The Misuse of Intergovernmental Organizations

Context and Background The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries—Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE)—have long been criticized for employing repressive domestic measures that violate international human rights standards. In the years since the 2011 Arab uprisings, these governments have intensified their crackdown on dissent through the enactment of repressive[…]

Trapped in the System: Women Domestic Workers and Kafala in the Gulf States

This briefing paper examines the widespread and institutionalized exploitation of women migrant domestic workers across the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries—Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Kuwait, Bahrain, and Oman. Despite public commitments to reform, the kafala (sponsorship) system remains the primary mechanism governing migrant labor. Under this system, a worker’s immigration status is[…]

Mass Arrests of Migrant Workers in Kuwait

This year, authorities in Kuwait have launched a massive campaign to crackdown on foreign nationals who have violated the new residency law, Amiri Decree No. 114. As of now, 440 foreign nationals have been arrested for violating the law. The new law replaces the previous Law No. 17 which was the standard for over 60[…]

Women’s Right to Education in the GCC: Progress & Challenges

Context and Background The evolution of women’s access to education in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries – Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates – presents gradual but progressive advancements, reflecting broader societal transformations in the region. In the early 20th century, education for women was traditionally limited, as cultural[…]

The Aftermath of Kuwait’s Amnesty Scheme: The Start of Another Mass Deportation

The Kuwaiti government ran an amnesty scheme for “illegal immigrants” from 17 March 2024 to 30 June 2024, which was extended from the initial deadline of 17 June. This grace period was intended to give those illegally in the country the time to either pay the penalties and regularize their status or leave the country[…]