Erased by Law: Sectarian Repression and the Shia Struggle for Equality in Saudi Arabia

Introduction The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia continues to systematically violate the rights of its Shia citizens amid a complete absence of structural reforms to address entrenched sectarian discrimination. Despite the official promotion of “Vision 2030” as a path toward modernization and openness, Shia communities remain subject to restrictive policies that limit their rights in religion,[…]

F1 & the issue of sportswashing: what can be done?

In 2004, Formula 1 (F1) declared its Grand Prix races in Bahrain. Headlines were made as Bahrain hosted the first race of its kind in the Middle East. It was celebrated so much to be given the title for best organized grand prix by the Federation Internationale de l’Automobile (FIA). The races continued throughout seasons,[…]

Women’s Right to Education in the GCC: Progress & Challenges

Context and Background The evolution of women’s access to education in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries – Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates – presents gradual but progressive advancements, reflecting broader societal transformations in the region. In the early 20th century, education for women was traditionally limited, as cultural[…]

The systematic exploitation of migrant workers in Saudi Arabia: The Plight of East African Migrants in Saudi Arabia

Context of migration in Saudi Arabia The context of migration in Saudi Arabia is shaped by a complex mix of economic needs, labor dynamics, social policies, and geopolitical factors. Saudi Arabia is one of the largest destinations for migrant workers in the Middle East, with 39 percent of international migrants comprising the total population. Its[…]

The Case of Mohammed Ramadan and Hussain Moosa in Bahrain

Introduction Mohammed Ramadan and Hussain Moosa are two Bahraini citizens who became internationally known due to their controversial legal cases in Bahrain. Both men were arrested in February 2014 and subsequently sentenced to death, sparking widespread criticism from human rights organisations worldwide. The circumstances surrounding their arrests, interrogations, and trials have been widely condemned, particularly[…]